Cardiotrophin-1 as a possible marker of myocardial remodeling in patients with essential hypertension, carrying polymorphic variants of the coding gene

Abstract

The aim – to improve the diagnosis of left ventricular remodeling in patients with essential hypertension (EH) by determining the concentration of cardiotrophin-1 (CT-1) in plasma in carriers of polymorphic variants of the CT-1 gene (rs8046707).
Materials and methods. The study included 100 men aged 40–60, residents of Podillya with EH of varying severity. The first group included patients with stage II EH with a mean age of 50.62±0.73 years, and the second group included patients with EH complicated by chronic heart failure (CHF) with a mean age of 51.86±0.81 years. Structural and functional parameters of the myocardium were evaluated using ultrasound of the heart. Polymorphism of the CT-1 gene (rs8046707) was determined by the polymerase chain reaction method. Determination of the concentration of CT-1 was performed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Statistical analysis of the results was performed using the software package Statistica 10.0. All tests were bilateral, statistically significant differences were considered at p<0.05.
Results and discussion. Carriers of GA+AA genotypes – 65.00 % (n=65) are significantly more often registered in men with EH of different severity than in GG genotype – 35.00 % (n=35) (p<0.05). It was found that in carriers of any polymorphic variant of the CT-1 gene, men with left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) and chronic heart failure on the background of EH, concentric left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) is most common. At the same time, the plasma level of CT-1 in EH is not only higher at higher left ventricular myocardial mass, but is also associated with the carrier of a certain variant of the coding gene. In particular, at EH the level of plasma concentration of CT-1 in eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy (ELVH) is probably higher in carriers of GA+AA genotypes of CT-1 gene (p<0.05). In EH with CHF, regardless of the polymorphism of the CT-1 gene, the concentration of this peptide in blood plasma in different variants of LV hypertrophy is higher than in patients with EH stage II (p<0.05).
Conclusions. Thus, concentric LVH was significantly more common in men with EH stage II and EH with CHF carriers of polymorphic variants of the CT-1 gene. Men with stage EH II carriers of GA+AA genotypes had significantly higher levels of CT-1 in blood plasma with concentric LV hypertrophy (p<0.05). In the case of the development of chronic heart failure on the background of EH, the level of CT-1 in blood plasma when carrying any variant of the gene encoding it is higher than in EH stage II.