Safety and immediate outcomes of using drug-coated balloon catheters in the treatment of patients with ischemic heart disease, de novo coronary artery lesions, or in-stent restenosis
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https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8133-9318
Abstract
The aim – to investigate the efficacy and safety of drug-coated balloons (DCBs) in treating patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) presenting with de novo coronary lesions and in-stent restenosis (ISR).
Materials and methods. A total of 126 patients were enrolled and divided into two groups: the DCB group (n=61) and the drug-eluting stents (DES) group (n=65). The analysis focused on demographic and clinical characteristics, including diabetes mellitus (DM), bleeding risk (assessed using the PRECISE-DAPT score), small-vessel disease, and restenosis prevalence.
Results. The findings revealed that both DCB and DES interventions were safe, with a minimal incidence of early postoperative complications. The DCB group exhibited a higher prevalence of DM (50.82 % vs. 29.23 % in the DES group) and a greater frequency of small-vessel disease (vessels ≤2.75 mm in diameter). While procedure times were comparable between the two groups (38.7±19.7 minutes for DCB vs. 42.3±20.1 minutes for DES), the DCB group required significantly less contrast medium (147.5±63.2 mL vs. 178.0±45.6 mL; p=0.002), potentially lowering the risk of contrast-induced nephropathy.
Conclusions. Overall, DCBs demonstrated non-inferior safety and immediate effectiveness compared to DES during the hospital phase, particularly in patients with DM and small-vessel disease. However, further long-term studies are necessary to establish optimal indications and confirm the durability of DCB therapy.
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References
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