Сонификация сердечных аритмий в музыке Бетховена, или «The heartfelt music of Ludwig van Beethoven»-2
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Анотація
Статья посвящена проверке гипотезы исследователей S. Vaisrub, 1980; B. Lüderitz 1995; T.O. Cheng, 1997;
Z.D. Goldberger и соавт., 2014, которым сходство ритмической фигурации фрагмента фортепианной сонаты Людвига ван Бетховена op. 81a «Les adieux» с аускультативной и электрокардиографической картиной желудочковой экстрасистолии дало основание предположить, что композитор выразил в музыке нарушение ритма собственного сердца. Гипотеза весьма актуальна, поскольку сонификация (озвучивание) биологических сигналов имеет давнюю историю и активно развивается как в музыке, так и в медицине. Анализ многочисленных музыковедческих исследований показал, что разнообразные ритмические фигурации, сходные с электрокардиографическими признаками всех известных нарушений ритма сердца, встречаются во многих произведениях Бетховена на протяжении 1799–1826 гг. Установлено, что каждый из выявленных музыкальных эквивалентов сердечных аритмий является определенным средством музыкальной выразительности (музыкального языка), значение и происхождение которого известно. Патографический анализ показал отсутствие хронологической связи «аритмической» музыки с возникновением и прогрессированием заболеваний композитора. Не удалось обнаружить и каких-либо указаний на наличие патологии сердца у Бетховена. Такие результаты позволяют связывать музыку Бетховена с его сердцем только в переносном смысле.
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