Coсудистая кальцификация: значимость в патогенезе, диагностике, клиническом течении и прогнозе исходов атеросклероза и ишемической болезни сердца
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Анотація
В работе проведен анализ результатов современных клинических и фундаментальных исследований по проблеме диагностики доклинического атеросклероза, прогнозированию его течения и раннему определению риска развития конечных кардиальных точек. Результаты анализа позволяют сделать заключение, что в значительной части популяции среднего возраста существует бессимптомная доклиническая форма атеросклеротического сосудистого поражения в отсутствие традиционных факторов сердечно-сосудистого риска. Показано, что кальцификация сосудистой стенки относится к числу важнейших наиболее распространенных патогенетических механизмов атеросклероза, наиболее ранних и достоверных его признаков. Помимо этого, атеросклероз является генерализованным процессом, и поэтому одновременная визуализация сосудов в ряде областей позволяет значительно повысить точность его диагностики и определения прогноза, особенно в сочетании с учетом наличия и выраженности сосудистой кальцификации. Установленные в настоящее время механизмы кальцификации могут являться мишенью для фармакологических воздействий, что позволит в ближайшее время оказать существенное влияние на характер прогрессирования атеросклероза и угрозу развития его тяжелых клинических проявлений.
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